Method of operating explosive vapor engines



5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Modelf) L. H. NASH. METHOD OP OPERATING EXPLOSIVE VAPOR ENGINES. No. 334,041.

Patented Jan. 12, 1886.'

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(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

L. E. NASE. MEEEOO OE OEEEATINO EXELOsIvE NAEOE ENGINES. NO. 334,041. Patented Jan. 12, 1886.

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(No Model.) 5 SheetsfSheet 3.

L. H. NASH.v I METHOD 0E UPERATING EXPLOSIVE VAPOR ENGINES. 110. 334,041.

Patented Jan. 12, 1886.

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(No Model.) Sheets-Sheet 4.

L. H. NASH. METHOD OE OPERATING EXPLOSIVE- VAPOR ENGINES.

f No, 334,041.

Y N Ny WJTJVESEES Y EJVVENTOR .dttorneys (No Model.) lheets-rsheet 5.

L. H. NASH. METHOD 0F OPERATING EXPLOSIVE VAPOR ENGINES. No. 334,041. Patent-ed Jan. 1.2, 1886.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE..

LEVIS HALLOCK NASH, OF BROOKLYN, ASSIGNOR TO THE NATIONAL METER COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

METHOD OF OPERATING EXPLOSIVE-VAPOR ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 334.041. dated January 12. 1886- Application ilcd September 5, 1885. ScrialNo.17G,224. (No model.)

To all whom it 72mg/ concern: airinlet port 7.o of the valve-case on y y of Fig.

Be it known that I, LEWIs HALLocK Nasa, 6. Fig. 8 shows a similar section taken a citizen of the United States, residing at through the vapor-inlet port 7c on line a a of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of Fig. 6. Fig. 9 represents the iiy-Wheel-gov- New York, haveinvented new and useful Imernor device in elevation and its connection 55 provements in Methods of Operating EX- with the vapor-supply valve, and Fig. 10 'a plosive-Vapor Engines, of which the following cross-section of the same. is a specification. The power-cylinder A is single-acting and My invention is directed to an improved placed vertically over and in line with the airio method of operating explosivevapor engines compressorB, and is provided with a separate 60 in which the vapor is produced from liquid cap forming combustiorrchamber A and a fuel; space, a, forming a cooling-jacket. The air- My improved method consists in utilizing compression cylinder is connected to the the suction of a compression-pump to draw powencylinder by an open frame, B', which I 5 therein a determined or regulated portion of also supports the bearings of the crank- 65 the air-charge from the open air through a reshaft E, and a pivoted ro'ckerarm, G, which cept-acle containing a volatile fuel,whercby to is connected with and transmits the motion of absorb vapor from the liquid fuel to form the the double-ended piston. The operating parts combustible constituent of the charge. are supported upon a bedplate, Bwhich has 2o In a patent granted to me under date Deformed withinitastorage-reservoir, B, for the 70 cember 4, 1883, No. 289,698, Ihave shown and compressed mixture. Thedouble-ended piston described a method of operating a gas-engine Works within the power-cylinder and within by liquid fuel contained in a vessel, through the compressioncylinder, and is connected bewhich a portion of the air-charge is forced tween these cylinders to the rocker-arm G by after it has been compressed in a compressionmeans of separate connecting-rods b, having 75 chamber, and which method cannot be used abutting bearings upon the pistons and upon with every type of gas-engine, while my presthe non-pivotedend ofthe rocker-arm,wl1ich ent method admits of a more extended appliextends for this purpose through an opening in cation to engines of different types. the trunk of the double-ended piston, as shown 3o Referring to the accompanying drawings, in Fig. l. The rocker-arm G has apivot-bear- 8o Figure l represents a vertical section of gasing, c, upon the frame and carries a pin, e', engine having a pump for compressing the forminga connection for the crank-connecting charge ,which is connected with the vaporprorod F. The compressor-pu mp is provided with ducer shown in Fig. 2,which is a vertical sec` suitable inlet and outlet valves, as shown in tion of the vapor-producer and its liquid-fuel Fig. 4. The inlet-valve yi, which is an ordinary 85 feeder. Fig.3representsin elevation the engine check-valve, and is connected with a mixingshown in Fig. l, showing the valve connecting valve, J, as seen in Fig. 6, is connected with pipes and the valve-operating connections. the vaporproducer and controls the supply Fig. 4 showsahorizontal section ofthe air-com oi' air and vapor to the compressor.v The 4o pression cylinder, taken through its inlet and mixing-valve case J has an air-inlet port, k, 9o outlet valves. Fig. 5 represents alongitudinal `and a port, 7c, which, by the pipe P, commusection of the valve which regulates the s upnicates with the vapor-producer B, as seen in ply of the vapor of the engine, the valve be- Figs. l and 2. The mixing-valve is a plungering in position to admit the vapor-charge into valve, J, and controls both the air fand the the compression-pump. Fig. 6 represents a vapor inlet ports, as seen in Figs. 5,6, 7, and 95 sect-ion of the valve, taken on line x x of Fig. 8, and is connected by the rod J2 with an ec- 4, at right angles to the section shown in Fig. centric, J3, on the crank-shaft E, operated by 5, showing the valve in position taking in air the governor in a manner to control the prof and its relation to the compression inlet-valve. portions of air and vapor to the compressor. 5o Fig. 7 shows a cross-section taken through the rIhe outlet-valve h is a check-valvaand com- :oo

e ssaoil municates with the engine-supply valve M by the pipe h', as seen in Figs. l and 3.

The governor device is carried bythe ilywheel, and consists of weights carried by rods supported in the flywheel rim,and which are connected to a yoke having a bearing upon the hub of the fly-wheel and adapted to oscillate when moved by the rods.

The governor device operates the eccentric 1Q in such a manner as to increase or decrease the length of the travel of the plunger-valve;

but as this special form of governor constiv tutes no part of my present invention it is not deemed necessary to particularly describe it r 5 as any suitable form of governor will answer which is adapted to control the relative proportion of air which is drawn through the vapor-producer.

The vapor-generator lil is connected by the 2o pipe P2, with a reservoir, I, containing the volatile oil,in such manner as to maintain the Vsupply in the generator. lThe vapor-supply pipe P is connected to the generator above the level of the volatile fuel, and an air-supplying pipe, P", leads into-the vapor-generator and terminates in jet-openings, so as to discharge the air into the body of the volatile fuel, so that it will absorb sufficient of the vapor to render it combustible.

`3o XVhen the liquid fuel is of such a nature as prevent the escape of vapor through saidl pipe. In the operation of the engine the air is i5 drawn by the suction of the compressor into the vapor producer in regular proportions through the body of the liquid, as stated` and the operation of regulating the rel ative quantity of the vapor and air drawn into the compressor 5o and supplying the charges to the engine is as follows, viz: The engine being in motion, and the compressor taking in the charges through the check-valve i from the mixing-valve, the eccentric so controls the mixing-valve that for a portion of-the time, corresponding to a denite movement of the stroke of the piston, said valve is in position (shown in Figs. 5 and 8) taking in the supply through the port 7c and pipe l from the producer. During this time 6o the said valve closes the outside air-port, 7c', as shown in said figure. XVhen the piston has completed this part of its stroke, the mixing-y valve closes port k and opens port 7c', admitting air only through the remainder of the stroke of the piston, as seen in Fig. 6', thereby completing the charge in the compressor during the forward stroke of the compressorpiston. On the back-stroke of the compressor'piston the charge is compressed and forced out through the check-valve into the reservoir.

The quantity offuel-laden air which is drawn into the compressor-cylinder is regulated by the gove1nor,\vhich operates the mixing-valve, so as to cause it to maintain the port 7c open during a longer or shorter period of the stroke of the compressorpiston, and thus admit al greater or less quantity of the fuel-laden air as more or less power is required of the engine. In this operation the distinctive feature of my improvement is in causing a portion of the air-charge supplying the engine to be drawn through the liquid fuel as a Yseparate division of the charge and the vother portion of the air mixed with it to complete the charge for the engine.

l have shown and described an engine operating to compress its charge in a separate air-u compression cylinder; but l can apply my 1mprovement to engines in which the charge 1s compressed within the power-cylinder or admitted without compression. ln either of these cases the air supply pipe would be supplied from two sources, one connecting with the vaporgenerator and the other open to the air. A

A very important advantage of drawing the fuel-laden part of the air through the volatile liquid, instead of forcing it through, is that in the latter case there is more or less pressure in the fuel-containing vessel, and necessarily great strength is required in its construe tion to sustain such pressure, and careful work is required in the pipe-connections to prevent leakage. In sucking the air through the vessel there is no pressure therein, and if there should be leakage in the pipe such leakage will only be the drawing of air into the iiow, and the vessel can be heated without danger of eX- plosion, and it can be placed away from the Vengine out in the yard.

I claim- 1. The method herein described of operating eXplosi ve-vapor engines by means of liquid fuel, which consists in drawing a portion of the air-supply for the charge through a volatile fuel, regulating the quantity of such constituent so drawn in by a governor, and completing the charge by drawing into it a separate supply of air. v

2. The method herein described of operating explosive-vapor engines by means ofliquid, which consists in drawing a portion of the charge through a volatile liquid fuel into a chamber and admiXing with it another portion of air to complete the charge and compressing the mixture before its ignition.

3. The method herein described of operat` ing explosive-vapor engines by means of liquid fuel, which consists in utilizing the suction of a compressionpump to draw therein a portion of the air through a volatile liquid fuel, and

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. forcing it therefrom with another portion of said heater bythe Controlling action of a govair tol form the combustible mixture. ernor.

4. The -method herein described of operat- In testimony whereof I have hereunto set ing explosive-vapor engines by means of liquid my hand in the presence of two subscribing 5 fuel, which consists in drawing a portion of witnesses.

the air-charge through u heated volatile fuel l fr Y to evaporate it, conveying it into a compressor, LE IS HALLOCK N ASH mixing it therein with another portion of the lVitnesses: air-charge, compressing the same, and regulat- A. E. H. JOHNSON,

IO ing the supply of the fuel laden air from the J. XV. HAMILTON JOHNSON. 

